How does a base coat affect the application of nail enamel?

A base coat plays a crucial role in the application of nail enamel by providing a barrier between the natural nail and the color polish. This barrier helps protect the nail from staining or discoloration that can occur from the pigments in the colored polish. By preventing direct contact, it minimizes the risk of the enamel penetrating into the nail plate, which can happen with darker or more heavily pigmented nail polishes. Additionally, using a base coat can also help improve adhesion of the nail polish, contributing to a better overall appearance and longevity of the manicure.

While enhancing durability and improving drying time are functions associated with certain products, those are not the primary roles of a base coat. Its most significant contribution is indeed providing a protective layer.