What do we call water that contains a high amount of calcium and magnesium salts?

Water that contains a high amount of calcium and magnesium salts is classified as hard water. This type of water is notable for its elevated levels of dissolved minerals, which can have various effects on both household activities and health. Hard water is characterized by its ability to form scale in pipes, appliances, and even on skin and hair after bathing, which can lead to dryness or irritation for some individuals.

Soft water, in contrast, has been treated to remove these minerals and typically contains either sodium or potassium ions, resulting in less buildup in plumbing and appliances. Distilled water is purified through boiling and condensation, eliminating most impurities, including minerals. Mineral water naturally contains various minerals, but it does not necessarily indicate a high concentration of calcium and magnesium salts specifically, as it covers a broader range of mineral content. Therefore, the designation of hard water is specifically about the abundance of calcium and magnesium salts in the water.