What happens to the diaphragm during inspiration?

During inspiration, the diaphragm plays a crucial role in facilitating the intake of air into the lungs. When we breathe in, the diaphragm, which is a dome-shaped muscle located beneath the lungs, contracts. This contraction causes the diaphragm to move downwards, allowing the thoracic cavity to expand. As the thoracic cavity increases in volume, the pressure within the cavity decreases compared to the atmospheric pressure outside the body. This pressure differential causes air to rush into the lungs to equalize the pressure.

The process of the diaphragm contracting and moving downwards is vital for effective breathing. It not only increases the space for the lungs to expand but also ensures that more air is drawn in, enriching the oxygen available for exchange in the alveoli. Therefore, the correct answer reflects the physiological action of the diaphragm during the breathing process.