What is condensation in terms of matter?

Condensation refers to the process where a substance transitions from a gaseous state to a liquid state. This occurs when gas molecules lose energy, typically as a result of cooling, leading to their closer proximity and the formation of liquid droplets. A common example of condensation is the formation of dew on grass in the morning or water droplets on a cold glass.

Understanding this concept is essential in various scientific fields, including meteorology and physical chemistry, where the behaviors and interactions of different states of matter are studied. The other transformations mentioned—such as changes from liquid to gas, solid to liquid, and liquid to solid—represent processes that are distinct from condensation and are instead categorized as evaporation, melting, and freezing respectively.