What is the primary cause of warts?

Warts are primarily caused by a virus, specifically by the human papillomavirus (HPV). This virus infects the top layer of skin, leading to the growth of the abnormal tissue known as a wart. HPV is quite common and has many different strains, some of which are responsible for the formation of warts on various parts of the body, including hands, feet, and genital areas.

Understanding that warts are viral in nature is crucial for treatment and prevention strategies. Unlike bacterial or fungal infections, which can be treated with antibiotics or antifungals, warts often require different methods, such as topical treatments, cryotherapy, or other dermatological procedures aimed specifically at eliminating the virus and the wart itself.

The other potential causes listed—bacteria, fungi, and allergens—do not cause warts. Bacterial infections lead to different skin issues, such as abscesses or cellulitis, while fungal infections can result in conditions like athlete's foot or ringworm. Allergens can cause allergic reactions manifested as rashes or eczema but are not involved in the formation of warts.