What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

The primary function of the cell membrane is to provide protection and regulate the entry and exit of substances. The cell membrane, composed of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins, acts as a selective barrier that controls what can move into and out of the cell. It maintains the internal environment of the cell, allowing essential nutrients to enter while keeping harmful substances out. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in cell communication and signaling, as the proteins in the membrane can interact with molecules outside the cell. This selective permeability is vital for maintaining homeostasis, which supports the overall health and function of the cell.

Energy production, protein synthesis, and genetic material storage are other important cellular processes, but they are not the primary roles attributed to the cell membrane specifically. Energy production primarily occurs in mitochondria, protein synthesis happens in ribosomes, and genetic material is stored in the nucleus. Thus, the response highlighting the protective and regulatory functions of the cell membrane accurately captures its essential role in cellular biology.