What is the superficial layer of the epidermis containing 25-30 rows of dead, keratinised epithelial cells?

The superficial layer of the epidermis that contains 25-30 rows of dead, keratinized epithelial cells is known as the stratum corneum. This outermost layer serves as the skin's primary barrier, playing a crucial role in protecting underlying tissues from environmental damage, pathogens, and water loss. The cells in this layer are filled with keratin, a fibrous protein that provides strength and resilience. As cells in the lower layers of the epidermis move upward toward the surface, they undergo a process called keratinization, where they gradually die and become flattened, resulting in the thick, protective layer characteristic of the stratum corneum.

The other layers mentioned have distinct functions and cell compositions. The stratum basale is the deepest layer where new skin cells are generated, the stratum granulosum contains keratinocytes that start undergoing keratinization but are not fully dead, and the stratum lucidum is found only in thick skin, like that of the palms and soles, providing additional protection but is not where the majority of the dead, keratinized cells are present.