What type of vertebrae articulate with the ribs?

Thoracic vertebrae are the type of vertebrae that specifically articulate with the ribs. Each thoracic vertebra has facets on its sides where the ribs connect, allowing the ribs to attach securely to the spine. This anatomical feature is crucial for the stability and flexibility of the thoracic cage, which protects vital organs such as the heart and lungs, while also facilitating the mechanics of breathing.

In contrast, cervical vertebrae are located in the neck and do not have the structural characteristics necessary to connect with ribs; they are primarily concerned with supporting the head and allowing for its movement. Lumbar vertebrae are found in the lower back and are larger, designed to bear weight and provide support for the upper body, but they also do not articulate with ribs. Lastly, sacral vertebrae are fused together to form the sacrum at the base of the spine and do not connect to the ribs either, focusing instead on forming the back part of the pelvis. Therefore, the thoracic vertebrae are uniquely suited to work with the ribs in the structure of the human skeleton.