The parietal bones are essential components of the cranium, specifically contributing to the upper sides and the roof of the skull. There are two parietal bones, each situated on either side of the head, and they articulate with various other cranial bones to form a protective enclosure for the brain. These bones are involved in the overall structure and shape of the cranium, providing structural integrity and support.
The other options represent different parts of the skull. The frontal bones form the forehead and the front part of the skull, while the temporal bones are located on the sides of the head, primarily associated with the lateral aspects of the skull. The occipital bone is at the back and base of the skull, enclosing the lower part of the brain. In contrast, the parietal bones specifically address the crown and sides of the cranium, which solidifies their identification as the correct answer.